The Livingston Legacy
Three Centuries of American History
from the Symposium, June 6-7, 1986

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THE LIVINGSTON LEGACY

Three Centuries of American History

Edited by Richard T. Wiles and Andrea K. Zimmermann from the Symposium sponsored by the Friends of Clermont, Bard College/Hudson Valley Studies Program, and the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, & Historic Preservation, Taconic Region. June 6-7, 1986

TABLE of CONTENTS

Preface
by Richard C. Wills

Introduction
by Bruce E. Naramore

Keynote: Robert Livingston and Moral Judgment
Sung Bok Kim

UNIT I -- Livingston Manor:
A Regional Approach to History

The Livingstons' Colonial Land Policy:
Personal Gain over Public Need
by Dr. William P. McDermott
The Spur at the Heel of the Manor:
Salisbury, Connecticut and the Livingstons
by William F. Morrill
The Livingstons as Slave Owners:
The "Peculiar Institution" on Livingston Manor and Clermont
by Roberta Singer
The William Wilson Papers:
Opportunities for Research
by Dr. H. Roger King

UNIT II --The Clermont Livingstons

Archaeology at Clermont:
The Eighteenth-Century Material Culture of the Livingston Household
by Dennis L. Wentworth
Robert R. Livingston, Jr.:
The Reluctant Revolutionary
by Clare Brandt
John Peter Tétard and Clermont
by William A. Tieck
John R. Livingston and the American Revolution
by Lorna Skaaren

UNIT III -- Cultural Development in the New Nation:
A New York Perspective

Domestic Politics and Inheritance Patterns:
The Family Papers of William Livingston
by Claire McCurdy
Music in the Livingston Household
by Geoffrey Miller
John Henry Livingston: 1746 - 1825
by Herman Harmelink III

UNIT IV -- Revolution and Reaction:
The Livingston Family and the Question of Independence

The Other Livingston: William
by Milton M. Klein
William Livingston:
The Trials of a War Governor
by Carl E. Prince and Mary Lou Lustig
Robert Cambridge Livingston:
Eighteenth-Century Politician
by James D. Livingston

UNIT V: -- Patronage and Entrepreneurship

Robert R. Livingston:
Enthusiastic Inventor, Prudent Entrepreneur
by Cynthia Owen Philip
An Iron Experiment:
The Livingston Ironworks and the Colonial Iron Industry, 1743 - 1790
by Sally A. Bottiggi
"Iron Will not Decay"
The Ancram Ironworks, 1749 - 1790
by Roberta S. Singer
From Entrepreneurs to Ornaments:
The Livingston Women, 1679 - 1790
by Cynthia A. Kierner
Johnston Livingston, the Express Business, and the California Connection
by Sylvie R. Griffiths

Conversations with the Historians
Edited by Bruce Naramore and Marilyn Holst

UNIT VI--The Dissolution of Manorial Society

The Livingston Presence in the Great or Hardenbergh Patent
by Alf Evers
The Breakup of Livingston Manor
by James Duane Livingston and Sherry H. Penney
Olin Dows: Art, History, and a Usable Past
by Dr. William B. Rhoads

Contributors

Copyright © 1987 by Bard College
Produced by the Bard College Office of Publications
Lucy Ferriss, Director of Publications